Treaty of Waitangi Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Text Of Treaty of Waitangi. Answer: Treaty of Waitangi There are two texts of The Treaty of Waitangi. However, the Maori version of the treaty cannot be described as exact translation from the English version. As a result, much debate has been going on regarding the differences, how they appeared and what is the meaning of these differences. It is argued by some persons that there are two treaties, 'Te Tiriti' which is the the Maori version and The Treaty that is the English version (McHugh, 1991). However, it is not clear that how much notice was taken of the precise wording when the treaty was signed. There are certain persons who claim that the treaty has been prepared hastily and by amateurs. Therefore by intention or otherwise, they had used the language which conveyed a particular meaning in Maori. On the other hand, there are certain others who claim that the instructions that were received from the British by Lieut. Governor William Hobson were clear, particularly regarding land (Palmer, 2008). Therefore, Hobson and his advisers were exactly aware of what they were doing when the English text of the Treaty was drafted. At the same time, they were also guided by the previous treaties. The Maori text of the treaty had been translated quickly, but it was done by the persons who knew the language well. The missionary Maori, used by them was known to the Chiefs. It also conveyed the key words and their meaning. Most of the night of February 5 had been spent by Henry Williams and chiefs discussing the treaty and its meanings (Butler, 2000). It was not suggested by Williams that any changes should be made to the text of the treaty. Therefore, many persons believe that he did not consider the Maori text of the treaty to be seriously misleading. Probably, he selected certain words for the purpose of gaining Maori agreement, although they may appear to be ambiguous when translated from English concepts (Renwick (ed) 1991). As was the case with many others, he also believed that the welfare of the Maori can be served in a better way to the British. Now there are many persons who focus on the differences that exist between the English and the Maori text of the treaty, particularly regarding the significant issue of sovereignty. On the other hand, at that time the oral discussions and the explanations given by Williams would have mattered more than the differences present in the written texts. Regarding the preamble, it has been mentioned in the English version of the treaty that the British intention was to protect the Maori interests from being encroached by British settlement, to provide for British settlement and to establish a government having the responsibility to maintain peace and order. In the Maori text, it has a suggested that the main promises made to the Maori by the green button provided movement that secures tribal rangatiratanga (mainly autonomy of authority on their own area) and land ownership by Maori as long as they want to retain it (Knight, 2011). Regarding the first article of the treaty, it hasn't mentioned in the English text that all rights and powers of sovereignty over their land have been given by the Maori leaders to the Queen. On the other hand, according to the Maori text, the Queen has been given 'te kawanatanga katoa' or in other words, 'complete government' over their land by the Maori leaders. In the Maori language, there is no direct translation of the word sovereignty (Whakaaro, Whakaumu M?Aotearoa, 2016). Chiefs enjoy authority over their own areas, but there was a lack of a central ruler. Therefore in the translation of English version, the Maori word 'kawanatanga' has been used, which is a transliteration of the term "governance' that was in use at those times. The Maori came to know regarding the term from the Bible and from 'Kawana' or the governor of New South Wales. It was believed by the knowledge that they had retained their authority to manage their own affairs and only ceded a right of governance to the Queen and in return, protection has been promised to them. It is also widely believed that the terms 'kawanatanga' and 'tino rangatiratanga' have been used in article 2 and as a result, they had contributed in the differences of view that arose later on between the Crown and the Maori. This difference was regarding the extent to which the authority would be retained by the chiefs and how much would be ceded to the governor. However there is very little doubt regarding the fact that the chiefs who had signed the Treaty were under the impression that they were going to enter into a partnership and going to share power under the new system (Bird-Rose, 1991). In case of the second article of the treaty, it was provided in the English text that the Maori leaders and the people, both collectively as well as individually, have confirmed and guaranteed undisturbed and exclusive possession of their lands and estates, fisheries, forests and other properties. The Maori has also provided an exclusive right to the Crown to purchase their land. But later on, it was stated by some Maori (and British also) that they were under the impression that the Crown had the first option instead of having the exclusive right to buy the property of the Maori (Bond and Gillian, 1994). On the other hand, 'te tino rangatiratanga' was guaranteed to the Maori, which was the unqualified exercise of their chieftainship over the lands, villages as well as other property and treasures (Durie and Te Mana Te Kawanatanga, 1998). It was also agreed by the Maori that they were going to provide a ride to the ground by their man in case they wanted to sell it. However, it was not certain if the exclusive purchase of the land by the Crown had been clearly conveyed in the Maori text (Frankenberg, (ed) 1997). Regarding the third article of the Treaty, an assurance had been given by the Crown in the Maori text that the Maori will have the protection provided by the green as well as all the other rights (tikanga) that are provided to the British subjects. This is a fair translation of the English text. The protection provided by the Queen has been emphasized here as was done in the preamble of the Treaty. Therefore, in the end, it can be said that legally, there was only one treaty, although some difference will present between the two texts of the treaty. The exclusive authority to decide the meaning of the treaty in the two texts has been provided to the Waitangi Tribunal and at the same time, it was also going to decide the issues that were raised as a result of differences present between them (Graham, 1997). The references to the Treaty in law make an attempt to bridge these differences by referring to the principles on which the treaty is based or in other words, the spirit or the core concepts that are present in both the texts of the Treaty. References Bird-Rose, D., (1991) Hidden Histories Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press Bond, G. C. and Gillian, A., (1994) Introduction in Social Construction of the Past George Clement Bond and Angela Gillian, (eds) (London: Routledge, 1994) Butler A.S. (2000) Taking the Treaty Seriously: New Zealand M?ori Council v Attorney-General (1987) in E ODell Leading Cases of the Twentieth Century (Round Hall Press, Dublin, 2000). Durie, M., Te Mana Te Kawanatanga, (1998) The Politics of Maori Self-Determination Auckland: Oxford University Press Frankenberg, R., (ed) (1997) Displacing Whiteness Durham: Duke University Press Graham, D., (1997) Trick or Treaty Wellington: Institute of Policy Studies He Whakaaro Here Whakaumu M?Aotearoa (2016) The Report of Matike Mai Aotearoa, The Independent Working Group on Constitutional Tr a n s f o r m a t i o n Knight D., (2011) Patriating Our Head of State: A Simpler Path? in Caroline Morris, Jonathan Boston and Petra Butler (eds) Reconstituting the Constitution (Springer, Berlin, 2011) 107 McHugh P (1991) The M?ori Magna Carta: New Zealand Law and the Treaty of Waitangi (Oxford University Press, Auckland Palmer M., (2008) The Treaty of Waitangi in New Zealands Law and Constitution (Victoria University Press, Wellington Renwick W (ed) (1991) Sovereignty and Indigenous Rights: The Treaty of Waitangi in International Contexts Victoria University Press, Wellington

Operations Management in Southwest Airlines

Introduction Southwest Airlines was founded in 1976 and has its base at Dallas. The company has grown so much since its inception (Lee and Maxton, 2000). It is now serving fifty-nine airports and has three hundred and eighty one planes in operation. This expansion is ongoing and it is expected to grow further (Oldham, 1996). Southwest Airlines is well known for its number of offers and its uniqueness among other known airlines.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Operations Management in Southwest Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These offers include the lowest fares among other airlines, its low costs, having the best labor relations, the level of asset usage that surpasses the rest and paying the highest wages to its staff. It seems to offer the best in everything! To some, the success of the company may be thought to have come from some malpractice from the side of management but in the contrary, everyth ing practiced there is legit. These are among the strategies that the airline has employed in order to achieve its success. It has also targeted and concentrated on markets that have been disregarded by other airlines as being unimportant. This paper will analyze the service delivery (and manufacturing process), identify what should be done to improve these processes and discuss the reasons why the Southwest Airlines is successful (Compart, 2009). Service delivery and manufacturing process One thing Southwest Airlines is known for in terms of service delivery is its very low fares. This has been made possible by the fact that the airline has targeted the middle-sized airports and hence experiences less competition. Less congestion in the airport also implies that service is fast. This helps eliminating queuing for services hence customer satisfaction (Blanco and Shimoda, 2005). The airline offers fares at competitive rates, provides swift and efficient service and hence encourages t ravelers to shift from other modes of transport including trains and vehicles to using air travel. This has led to the success of the airline in increasing the numbers of its passengers, which is one of the goals of the company. The company respects the customer’s choice and a passenger is allowed to leave the airport when they so desire. They operate more like buses. The passengers get to choose what time to leave and it is not the airline’s choice. This makes it very reliable and flexible and hence a choice for many.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another aspect that makes the services attractive is the fact that the hustle of getting ticket reservation and collection is eliminated. People only need to swipe their cards at a dispenser and it takes only about twenty seconds before they are good to go. Another advantage of boarding the Southwest Airlines is t hat there are no connection flights. This also means that there is no need to transfer baggage. This eliminates the hustles and bustles associated with other airlines. The airline has clearly defined its niche as being the commuters since such people usually need to go places for particular reasons and need to do so as quick as possible and with the least distractions as possible. Reasons for company’s success One of the reasons for the success of Southwest Airlines can be attributed to its great management, courtesy of its president and founder, Herb Kelleher. This leader has been very inspirational and has influenced the company by maintaining a good working environment. He also created strong and lasting culture at the workplace. The other reason for its success is the fact that the activities in the company, since inception, have been based on some specific success principles. The airline also readily embraces change but at the same time, tries to avoid change in order to avoid some risks. Some of its basic strategies employed when the company is considering change include those that specifically touch on either cutting its costs or increasing the number of its passengers. Among its strategies in fighting off competition with other big airlines is the employment of what may be referred to as a guerilla war. This involves being anywhere but where the other airlines are. This is the reason why the airline is situated far from where the other airlines are. This included targeting airports and routes that were avoided by other airlines. They stayed apart and maintained routes located far from the overused airports. The airports mainly targeted by the airlines include the middle-sized ones.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Operations Management in Southwest Airlines specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This strategy of choosing mid-sized airports means that the airline faces less competi tion in terms of fares, faces less traffic and less congestion. With these conditions, the airline can easily compete with the other airlines by offering faster service and lower prices compared to the rest. Most of the flights by the company are short distance flights, which is avoided by other airlines. However, this strategy has worked for the airline since – in most of the airports it operates – it is the airlines with the largest number of passengers. Southwest Airlines has been identified for having the ability to enter a market and making it very profitable (Kaiser, 1997; Maxton, 1996). One example is given of a case where the airline established a new route between Oakland and Burbank in order to avoid other existing busy and congested routes (Mutzabaugh, 2011). Using its cheap fares, it was able to attract many passengers and made the route the 21st busiest, rising from the previous 200th position. Southwest Airlines has been regarded as not only competing wit h the airlines but with all other modes of transport including road and rail since they offer short trip flights (short-haul commuting). Another strategy employed by the airlines to ensure its success is the lack of a central base. There is no particular center of operations and its routes form a kind of a network that resembles a spider web. This way, the airline avoids the risks of being vulnerable to competition and consequently losing market. Southwest Airlines avoids several costs incurred by other airlines. One of them is the cost of selling tickets through agents since there is the payment of agents’ commissions. Another is the avoiding of costs incurred with the installation of computerized systems required to process reservations and other customer services.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To cut down on costs incurred in maintenance of aircrafts, Southwest Airlines invested on only one type of aircraft. This is the Boeing 737. This ensures the maintenance practices are made standard (Ivanovich, 2008). The airline also works with new aircraft rather than maintain old fleet that is not fuel-efficient (Lunsford, 2008; Koenig, 2005). Kelleher, the founder, has contributed a lot to the success of the company by leading by example. He has practiced the art of employee motivation and made the working environment conducive. When an employee works over time, Kelleher goes there in person to thank him or her. This way, he maintains good relationships with the employees. Once in a while, he goes and works with the employees, serving drinks, moving baggage and selling tickets in order to lead by example instead of leading by direction. Another aspect that the company employs in order to be successful is the involvement of the customers. The customers are allowed to give feedback about the services and this helps the company to make adjustments where needed. Both the manager and the employers make a point of interacting with the clients at a more personal way and the staff members are often known by their first names by the customers. This allows them to report about their likes and dislikes about the staff and this gives the company good grounds on dealing with any form of misconduct. Thousands of letters stream into the company’s office every month and the company takes every issue very seriously and answers all of them (Sartain, 1998). What should be done to improve the services Too much has been done by the company already and that explains why it is very successful. It has exploited every aspect of service delivery and has succeeded in making an impact both within and without the company. I would only recommend that the company with the same team spirit and hard work. Conclusion Southwest Airlines is a company that has grown over the many years and has been one of the most successful airlines around. This success has been attributed to many factors, some of them including the good management, good working conditions and good working principles. The customer service is amazing and this has led many customers to choose Southwest Airlines. References Blanco, C Shimoda, N 2005. Airlines hedging strategies: The shareholder value perspective. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Compart, A 2009. Southwest offers $170 Million for frontiers, The McGraw-Hill, New York. Ivanovich, D 2008. ‘Inspector: Southwest’s FAA ties let planes fly with cracks’, Houston Chronicles, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 12-15. Kaiser, R 1997. ‘Southwest may add cities to Iceland deal’, Baltimore Business Journal, vol. 15, no.1, p 131. Koenig, D 2005. ‘Airlines that hedged against fuel costs reap benefits’, The Washington Post, 21 October, p. 3. Lee, C Maxton, T 2000. ‘Southwest to announce expansion at the Love Fields $72 million project would add jobs, but no more flights’, The Dallas Morning News, 13 March, p.2. Lunsford, J 2008. ‘Airlines dip into hot water to save jet fuel’, Wall Street Journal, vol. 4, no. 3, pp 102-107. Maxton, T 1996. ‘Council OKs Southwest land lease Headquarters addition, training center planned’, The Dallas Morning News, 14 March, p. 4. Mutzabaugh, B 2011. ‘Oakland gets Mexico City nonstop on Volaris’, USA Today, 22 August, p.1. Oldham, J 1996. ‘Southwest Airlines expands its corporate headquarters to prepare for the next century’, Business Wire, 11 December, p.7. Sartain, L 1998. ‘Why and how Southwest Airlines uses consultants’, Journal of Management consulting, vol.21, no.3, pp.10-16. This report on Operations Management in Southwest Airlines was written and submitted by user Kayden Roth to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Js Bach- A Musicians Musician

Throughout the history of music, many great composers, theorists, and instrumentalists have left indelible marks and influences that people today look back on to admire and aspire to. No exception to this idiom is Johann Sebastian Bach, whose impact on music was unforgettable to say the least. People today look back to his writings and works to both learn and admire. Bach, who came from a family of over 53 musicians, was nothing short of a virtuoso instrumentalist as well as a masterful composer. Born in Eisenach, Germany, on March 21, 1685, he was the son of a masterful violinist, Johann Ambrosius Bach, who taught his son the basic skills for string playing. Along with this string playing, Bach began to play the organ, which is the instrument he would later on be noted for in history. His instruction on the organ came from the player at Eisenach's most important church. He instructed the young boy rigorously until his skills surpassed anyone’s expectations for someone of such a young age. Bach suffered early trauma when his parents died in 1695. He went to go live with his older brother, Johann Christoph, who also was a professional organist at Ohrdruf. He continued his younger brother's education on the organ, as well as introducing him to the harpsichord. The rigorous training on these instruments combined with Bach’s masterful s kill pa! id off for him at an early age (Geiringer). After several years of studying with his older brother, he received a scholarship to study in Lunenburg, Germany, which is located on the northern tip of the country. As a result, he left his brother’s tutelage and went to go and study there. The teenage years brought Bach to several parts of Germany where he mainly worked as an organist in churches, since that was the skill he had perfected the best from his young training. However, a master of several instruments while still in his teens, Bach first found employment at the age of 18 as a violini... Free Essays on Js Bach- A Musicians Musician Free Essays on Js Bach- A Musicians Musician Throughout the history of music, many great composers, theorists, and instrumentalists have left indelible marks and influences that people today look back on to admire and aspire to. No exception to this idiom is Johann Sebastian Bach, whose impact on music was unforgettable to say the least. People today look back to his writings and works to both learn and admire. Bach, who came from a family of over 53 musicians, was nothing short of a virtuoso instrumentalist as well as a masterful composer. Born in Eisenach, Germany, on March 21, 1685, he was the son of a masterful violinist, Johann Ambrosius Bach, who taught his son the basic skills for string playing. Along with this string playing, Bach began to play the organ, which is the instrument he would later on be noted for in history. His instruction on the organ came from the player at Eisenach's most important church. He instructed the young boy rigorously until his skills surpassed anyone’s expectations for someone of such a young age. Bach suffered early trauma when his parents died in 1695. He went to go live with his older brother, Johann Christoph, who also was a professional organist at Ohrdruf. He continued his younger brother's education on the organ, as well as introducing him to the harpsichord. The rigorous training on these instruments combined with Bach’s masterful s kill pa! id off for him at an early age (Geiringer). After several years of studying with his older brother, he received a scholarship to study in Lunenburg, Germany, which is located on the northern tip of the country. As a result, he left his brother’s tutelage and went to go and study there. The teenage years brought Bach to several parts of Germany where he mainly worked as an organist in churches, since that was the skill he had perfected the best from his young training. However, a master of several instruments while still in his teens, Bach first found employment at the age of 18 as a violini...

Extended Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Extended Project - Essay Example more crimes committed by young men than young women. The key focus of the paper is to reveal the inner crux of the theme with a background focus on economic reasons. An in-depth evaluation of the selected theme would facilitate to derive an understanding regarding the factors especially the economic factors that encourage more males to commit crimes than young women. Economic Reasoning In this section of the paper, the aforementioned economic concepts namely economic learning including scarcity, opportunity cost and margin analysis, Handy Dandy guide, REMM-Decision Making model, along with evaluating certain economic systems such as circular flow, market failure and command among others will be explained in a precise manner. Market Failure It is particular economic situation in which a company or a business entity has to suffer from economic losses resulting out of non-achievement of the broad business objectives. This term can also be understood as a negative aspect which is faced w hen certain pre-determined objectives are not met within the overall marketing context (Carden & Horwitz, 2013). Handy Dandy Guide This concept comes under the aspect of economic learning. It is referred as an assessment tool which is utilized in studying the behavioral work pattern of the people. It is used for determing the choices of the people and also for highlighting the costs involved in people’s choices. It also explains the different choices people make and certain consequences that they face which may take a negative or a positive form (Pennsylvania’s State Parent Advisory Council, 2006). Economic Learning This aspect can be understood as the process of gaining knowledge in the overall context of economics. This form of learning can result in the achievement of greater aspects of economical knowhow. REMM-Decision Making model This particular concept is an integral part of economic learning. It is termed as the process which is utilized for closing and finaliz ing the decisions that are needed to be made and also to find suitable alternatives for each of the decisions (Saunders & Gilliard, 1995). Opportunity Cost This concept comes under the periphery of economic learning and is regarded as an economical term which primarily refers to the price of an alternative that is needed to be forgone for the purpose of pursuing a certain action (Saunders & Gilliard, 1995). Scarcity Scarcity refers to unavailability of required resources to obtain desired along with necessary aspects. Scarcity in economic parlance emerges from uncertain condition of the prevailing social structure and economy (Saunders & Gilliard, 1995). Margin Analysis Margin analysis refers to the process of analysis of the margins of a company. This process is precisely followed in determining the overall profits of a company. The process of margin analysis can be performed by way of performing economic calculations and specific financial analysis. This aspect is however consider ed to be very important as with the help of proper margin analysis, the actual state of the company’s profitability can be determined (Saunders & Gilliard, 1995). Literature Review This part of the paper will primarily highlight all those factors pertaining to the deeper analysis of the above mentioned economic concepts. The concerned terms represent greater significance in relation to the overall

Community Foundations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Community Foundations - Essay Example The ACF acts as a connection between donors, and the charitable money from the donors helps to improve the lives of all of the people living in Central Texas. The Foundation is a non-profit organization that provides positions for over two hundred individual charitable funds. The Austin Community Foundation handles over five hundred charitable funds that have been established by non-profit agencies, individual donors, and corporations. Some of these charitable funds include scholarship funds, special project funds, and donor designated funds. The task of the ACF is to help the funds back into the community to help in the supporting of charitable efforts, such as scholarships and grants. These grants support animal-related services, recreation, education, arts and culture, the environment, and health, among others. Some of the projects that the Austin Community Foundation sees to vary in the type of fund that is it, and the fund, or project, itself. Unrestricted funds help the most pressing of needs of the community, allowing the Board of Governors to decide on the recipients. Some of these funds include, but are not limited to, the Austin Community Foundation Fund, the Emily Lake Fund, and Gatewood Newberry Endowment Fund. Donor advised funds are made through the consultation of the donor, which will benefit charitable organizations. Some of these funds are The Austin High School Endowment Fund, Austin Playhouse Endowment Fund, and the Charity Partners of Austin Fund. Donor designated funds benefit the specific organization or fields of interest – a few of these funds include A.I.S.D. Redesigning High Schools Fund, Jeanne Deason Fund for the Salvation Army, and the Sidney Burleson Smith Red Cross Fund. Non-profit endowments are non-profit organizations that provide permanent structure and professional investment

Young Consumers and the Power of Persuasion Essay Example for Free

Young Consumers and the Power of Persuasion Essay As old generations have died away new generations have poked their way into the world. As man evolves with new generations so do their lifestyles. A few decades ago children would ask their parents for the necessities they need and be okay with what they had. Now it’s backwards. More and more kids are demanding to have the latest technologies and the latest gadgets rather than being comfortable with the resources and materials their parents provide. Children are taking control rather than their parents taking control. Children are becoming the parents and the parents are becoming the children. The parents are doing what their children want them to do and not how it should be done. What causes children to be obnoxious and do everything possible in order to get what they want? In the essay â€Å"Kid Kustomers†, by Eric Schlosser, found in SIGNS of LIFE in the USA, by Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon, the author talks about how advertisement drives these children to have â€Å"pester power†, in other words the power children possess the power to get something they want by means of begging (222). He also says that as more children are watching television they don’t realize that they are being brainwashed into believing everything they see and wanting it. He also goes on to talk about the different methods kids (as he refers to them) have to obtain what they want. Eric’s point throughout the essay is that it’s horrible to compensate for the needs kid’s have. Eric’s essay is effective because although the essay is very short, Eric does an outstanding job explaining the methods kids use to persuade parents, an excellent job giving more than one reason why kids are the markets best consumers, and informing the reader why this crisis is occurring. The author did an excellent job explaining the whole concept of how kids are using different methods to persuade parents to buy them what they want. A pleading nag is one accompanies by repetitions of words like â€Å"please† or â€Å"mom, mom, mom.† A persistent nag involves constant requests for the coveted product and may include the phrase â€Å"I’m gonna ask just one more time.† Forceful nags are extremely pushy and many include subtle threats, like â€Å"Well, then, I’ll go ask Dad.† Demonstrative nags are the most high-risk, often characterized by full-blown tantrums in public places, breath-holding, tears, a refusal to leave the store. Sugar-coated nags promise affection in return for a purchase and may rely on seemingly heartfelt declarations like â€Å"You are the best dad in the world.† Threatening nags are youthful forms of blackmail, vows of eternal hatred and of running away if something isn’t bought. Pity nags claim the child will be heartbroken, teased, or socially stunted if the parent refuses to buy a certain item. (224) The explanation the author gives really makes the reader capture the purpose for writing the essay. The good explanations that are given throughout the essay make the whole reading a lot better to understand. By adding these explanations it won’t leave the reader thinking about a main point the author stated a while back, while reading new information and going ahead in the essay. Eric also does a good job explaining other reasons why kids are being â€Å"Kustomers†. This is excellent because he is not saying that only one-reason makes the cause and effect plot to show up. The author says, â€Å"The Internet has become another powerful tool for assembling data about children†(225). The author is informing the reader that advertisements is not the only source out there brainwashing kids brain into buying the latest clothes, gadgets, and other senseless items, but also the Internet. With more reasons to show why kids are becoming the ideal customers it can give the reader some information on how this is affecting families. This essay is very informative because it gives the reader information about how the cause of kid consumption can affect their lives and families. During the course of a year, he or she watches more than thirty thousand TV  commercials. Even the nation’s youngest children are watching a great deal of television. About one-quarter of American children between the ages of two and five have a TV in their room. (226) By giving the reader information it’s engaging the reader to think about his or her own family (kids) and to also think about their family (brothers and sisters, cousins). The audience, given by the information given in the reading, is not for kids who like shopping, but for adults who are having trouble and are looking for a solution or to be informed that compensating their children is actually harming them. The essay itself is a good informative essay giving the reader an insight into a problem, if not a major problem, that is occurring in our generation. Although the essay is very short, Eric does an outstanding job explaining the methods kids use to persuade parents, an excellent job giving more than one reason why kids are the markets best consumers, and informing the reader why this crisis is occurring. The grade Eric’s essay â€Å"Kid Kustomers† is an â€Å"-A† because it could have been longer, but the author used evidence and information to back-up his statements and ideas. Eric’s use of information and the interpretation of that information into his worked really made the essay run smoothly. Works Cited Schlosser, Eric. â€Å"Kid Kustomers.† SIGNS of LIFE in the USA. Maasik, Sonia and Jack Solomon, eds. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2012. 222-226. Print.

Navigational Tools :: Websites Internet Technology Computers Essays

Navigational Tools When designing a website, a web designer must develop and create an effective way of navigating his or her website. When doing this job, the web designer must keep the principle of compensation in mind. According to authors Killingsworth and Gilbertson â€Å"in every revision of a text, something is lost and something is gained† (45). Using this principle of compensation, a web designer must realize the consequences for choosing a picture, icon, or text to represent links on his or her web page. For each one there are advantages and drawbacks, which if weighed or balanced properly can enhance that web designer’s page. Human beings by nature are visually oriented; therefore, the web designer should find a satisfactory medium between the use and placement of either text or graphics. According to Brad Bachetti in his response â€Å"Creating a Roadmap†, â€Å" If both text and graphics are used to represent the button, it is visually appealing to keep the text and g raphics of equal width. This is exemplified on the main page of the WebCT course page† (Bachetti). If we take a look at the WebCT course page, we will find this to be true. The WebCT course page also exemplifies the principle of compensation. The pictures that accompany the text not only compliment each other in width and size, but also enhance each other. Together the pictures and text convey better meaning then they would if they stood alone, thus allowing for easy navigation on the course page. Sometimes though a web designer may only want to use a picture, icon, or text to represent a link or navigational tool on a website. According to Principles of Web Design, by David and Jean Farkas, â€Å"Links must make clear their destinations the page that the link will display† (209). Using this simple principle put forth by the authors, a web designer may encounter problems when dealing with pictures and icons to represent links or navigational tools. According to Farkas, â€Å"to design links that will communicate their destination clearly, you need to think about your audience and their information needs† (Farkas 209). A picture and icon may have different connative or denotative meanings for people of a different age, gender, race, or nationality. That being stated icons and pictures have some significant advantages over text links. For example, a familiar one is processed faster, icons communicate across languages and cultures, they are visually interesting, and they often save space (Farkas 211).